Radio wave heating of astrophysical plasmas     

R. T Gangadhara  V. Krishan 《Journal of Astrophysics and Astronomy》1990,11(4):515-531

The coherent plasma process such as parametric decay instability (PDI) has been applied to a homogeneous and unmagnetized plasma. These instabilities cause anomalous absorption of strong electromagnetic radiation under specific conditions of energy and momentum conservation and thus cause anomalous heating of the plasma. The maximum plasma temperatures reached are functions of luminosity of the radio radiation and plasma parameters. We believe that these processes may be taking place in many astrophysical objects. Here, the conditions in the sources 3C 273, 3C 48 and Crab Nebula are shown to be conducive to the excitation of PDI. These processes also contribute towards the absorption of 21cm radiation  相似文献   

赤道印度洋—太平洋地区海气系统的齿轮式耦合和ENSO事件 I.资料分析   总被引：26，自引：16，他引：10  

吴国雄  孟文 《大气科学》1998,(4)

利用历史观测数据,研究了印度洋海表温度（ＳＳＴ）的季节变化特征,证实赤道印度洋和东太平洋ＳＳＴ年际变化有显著的正相关,指出这种正相关是由于沿赤道印度洋上空纬向季风环流和太平洋上空Ｗａｌｋｅｒ环流之间显著的耦合造成的。这两个异常的纬向环流圈之间的耦合形式看起来很象是存在于赤道印度洋和太平洋上空的一对齿轮（简写为ＧＩＰ）,当一个作顺时向变化时,另一个则作反时向变化。文中还证明ＥＮＳＯ事件与ＧＩＰ的年际异常存在很好的对应关系,暖事件时ＧＩＰ为反向运转;冷事件时ＧＩＰ为正向运转;异常的ＧＩＰ的啮合点位于印尼群岛附近。对８０年代以来的ＥＮＳＯ事件的分析表明,每次事件前期异常的ＧＩＰ的啮合点首先出现在印度洋上空,然后逐渐传入太平洋,引起ＧＩＰ东侧的大气纬向风ｕ和ＳＳＴ同时发生异常变化。当这种风场和ＳＳＴ的异常变化发展东传到达赤道中东太平洋时,导致ＥＮＳＯ事件最终出现。本文由此指出印度洋上空纬向环流的异常可以通过印度洋和太平洋上空大气系统的齿轮式耦合去影响赤道中东太平洋的海－气相互作用并触发ＥＮＳＯ事件发生。  相似文献   

EXTREME RESERVOIR SEDIMENTATION IN AUSTRALIA:A REVIEW     

Hubert CHANSON 《国际泥沙研究》1998,(3)

ＥＸＴＲＥＭＥＲＥＳＥＲＶＯＩＲＳＥＤＩＭＥＮＴＡＴＩＯＮＩＮＡＵＳＴＲＡＬＩＡ：ＡＲＥＶＩＥＷＨｕｂｅｒｔＣＨＡＮＳＯＮ１ＡＢＳＴＲＡＣＴＩｎｔｈｅｐａｐｅｒ,ｔｈｅａｕｔｈｏｒｒｅｖｉｅｗｓｔｈｅｐｒｏｂｌｅｍｏｆｒｅｓｅｒｖｏｉｒｓｉｌｔａｔｉ...  相似文献   

南极海冰变化异常与全球海平面变化(英)   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

XIE Si-Mei  ZOU Bin  WANG Yi  BAO Cheng-Lan 《冰川冻土》1998,(4)

In this paper, the long-term variation trend of the Antarctic sea ice in 1973～1994 and the inter-decade variation rule of the global sea level are analyzed. It is foundthat, the Antarctic sea ice area in 1980's was significantly less than in 1970's but with regional difference:decreasing in Regions Ⅰ, Ⅱ, and Ⅲ, and increasing in Region Ⅳ, the average global sea levelheightvalue in 1980's was also significantly higher than in 1970's but also with very large regional difference.Connecting variation of both to analyze their physical mechanism, it is pointed that, the accumulated seaice anomaly value in 1980's less than in 1970's means a global climate warming, the sea watertemperature and air temperature rising, sea water volume expanding, and more icebergs transportingfrom the ice cover on the Antarctic continent to ocean in the warmer years. As a result, the global sealevel raised significantly with the global average sea level value in 1980's was 22 mm higher than in 1970's. The Sea Level Raising (SLR) distributed uneven. It is especially true in the Pacific Ocean andAtlantic. This kind of uneven SLR distribution closely relates to, or is introduced by the uneven sea ice change of the Antarctic Regions.  相似文献   

广义极值分布及其在水文中的应用   总被引：15，自引：3，他引：12  

金光炎 《水文》1998,(2):9-15

广义极值分布,包括Ｉ型、Ⅱ型和Ⅲ型,是一套完整的统计分布。以往,由于研究不足,常常只能采用极值Ｉ型分布,使应用受到了限制。本文中,详细地探讨了广义极值分布的统计特性,首次研制了该分布的离均系数表,并给出了水文频率计算中的示例。分析表明,应用广义极值分布,也能得到较好的适线结果。特别是有了离均系数表,对水文频率分析和各类统计计算是十分方便的。  相似文献   

相山铀矿田变质基底的变质作用期次   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

蒋振频  吴雅梅  董永杰  胡荣泉  吴水林 《铀矿地质》2008,24(1):32-37

相山铀矿田的变质基底,自晋宁期以来经历了长期而复杂的变质变形演化历史,至中生代为止,共经历了4个期次变质作用的叠加改造:中元古代区域热动力变质作用,中元古代后的热接触变质作用,中生代动力变质作用,中生代晚期的热接触变质作用.多期次变质作用的叠加改造,反映了本区自元古宙以来一直是一处地热异常区.相山地区铀成矿期的成矿作用,是一系列构造-岩浆-变质作用叠加的结果.  相似文献   

Resilience to disaster: Evidence from American wellbeing data     

《Global Environmental Change》2023

As the severity and frequency of extreme weather events become more pronounced with climate change and the increased habitation of at-risk areas, it is important to understand people’s resilience to them. We quantify resilience by estimating how disasters in the US impacted individual wellbeing in the initial weeks and months post-disaster, and whether the effect sizes differed by individual- and county-level factors. The methodological approach contrasts changes in wellbeing in counties affected by disasters with that of residents in unaffected counties of the same state. We find that people’s hedonic wellbeing is reduced by approximately 6% of a standard deviation in the first two weeks following the event, with the effect diminishing rapidly thereafter. The negative effects are driven by White, older, and economically advantaged sub-populations, who exhibit less resilience. We find no evidence that existing indices of community resilience moderate impacts. Our conclusion is that most people in the US have a resilient response to extreme weather events.  相似文献   

Frequency-selective attenuation of sound propagation and reverberation in shallow water     

Qiu Xinfang  Zhang Renhe  Li Wenhu  Zhu Baixian  Jin Guoliang 《海洋学报(英文版)》1997,16(4):475-490

Ｆｒｅｑｕｅｎｃｙ－ｓｅｌｅｃｔｉｖｅ　ａｔｔｅｎｕａｔｉｏｎ　ｏｆ　ｓｏｕｎｄ　ｐｒｏｐａｇａｉｏｎ　ａｎｄ　ｒｅｖｅｒｂｅｒａｔｉｏｎ　ｉｎ　ｓｈａｌｌｏｗ　ｗａｔｅｒTXＦｒｅｑｕｅｎｃｙ－ｓｅｌｅｃｔｉｖｅａｔｔｅｎｕａｔｉｏｎｏｆｓｏｕｎｄｐ...  相似文献   

诊断台风异常路径的三层权重控制点方案     

谢玲娟  林丽珊 《海洋预报》1992,9(3):8-16

本方案采用850、700、500hPa三个层次的环境平均流场作控制点法。综合考虑这些层次上的引导气流在不同时、空域中的相对重要性。试验结果表明,其效果比单一取某层作引导为佳。且对用来预测台风的未来24小时路径是否异常具有一定的参考价值。  相似文献   

Dynamic properties of green water event in the overtopping of extreme waves on a fixed dock     

Nobuhito Mori  Daniel T. Cox 《Ocean Engineering》2003,30(16):2021-2052

A statistical model is developed to predict wave overtopping volume and rate of extreme waves on a fixed deck. The probability density function for the volume and rate of overtopping water are formulated based on the truncated Weibull distribution with the assumption of local sinusoidal profile for small amplitude waves. Sensitivity to the wave nonlinearity parameter and deck clearance is discussed. The statistical model is compared to laboratory data of the instantaneous free surface elevation measured in front of a fixed deck, and overtopping volume and overtopping rate measured at the leading edge of the deck. The statistical theory compared well with the measured exceedance probability seaward of the deck. The model prediction of the exceedance probability of deck overtopping gave qualitatively good agreement for large overtopping values.  相似文献